IGIHE Kinyarwanda

Ni igihugu kiri ku buso bwa 322.463 Km², gituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 33. Gihana imbibi n’ibindi bihugu nka Ghana, Liberia, Guinea, Mali na Burkina Faso.

Ni igihugu abaturage bavuga Igifaransa nk’uko Abanyarwanda tuvuga Ikinyarwanda. Muri Côte d’Ivoire bagira izindi ndimi gakondo nka Baoulé, Dioula, Dan cyangwa Yacouba, n’izindi ariko zifatwa nk’indimi z’akarere kuko zivugwa mu duce dutandukanye tw’igihugu naho muri rusange bakavuga Igifaransa.

Ubaye uri umuntu utazi ururimi rw’Igifaransa byakugora kuba muri iki gihugu kuko abantu bazi Icyongereza ni mbarwa.

Mu bijyanye n’ubukungu kugeza, ubu umusaruro mbumbe w’iki gihugu urenga miliyari 95,4$ ndetse umuturage abarirwa ko yinjiza nibura arenga 2.900$ mu mwaka.

Serivisi ziharira 51%, y’umusaruro mbumbe w’iki gihugu, inganda zikiharira hafi 24% naho ubuhinzi bukiharira hafi 17% aho mu buhinzi bahinga imbuto za Palm Oil zivamo amamesa, cashew, ipamba, ikawa n’ibindi.

Iki kandi ni cyo gihugu gihinga imbuto za Cocoa nyinshi ku Isi, kuko nibura gitanga 40% bya Cocoa zikoreshwa ku Isi. Izi mbuto zizwiho gukorwamo chocolat n’ibindi bifitanye isano nazo.

Amafaranga akoreshwa muri Cote d’Ivoire ni CFA yo muri Afurika y’Uburengerazuba (XOF, West African Franc). Idorali rimwe riba rihagaze 576 CFA.

Ibiryo bikunda kuribwa muri iki gihugu ni ‘Attiéké’ ikorwa mu myumbati binitse mu mazi arimo umunyu n’indi Attiéké yakozwe mbere (ikoreshwa nk’umusemburo), ubundi bakazayikamura bakayanika.

Ibyo iyo birangiye bafata ya myumbati bakayifunga mu mashashi bakayiteka mu mazi ashyushye ku buryo ihishwa n’umwuka gusa. Attiéké bakunda kuyirisha amafi n’imizuzu.

Andi mafunguro akunzwe ni Alloco aho ari imizuzu bateka mu mamesa, Foutou (Fufu), ubu ni ubugari bw’imyumbati, Kedjenou, Garba, n’ibindi.

Amafi ni byo bikomoka ku matungo biribwa cyane muri iki gihugu ariko nibura 70% by’amafi aba yatumijwe hanze kubera ko uburyo bwo kuroba budateye imbere muri iki gihugu.

Ni igihugu gituwe n’aboyoke b’idini ya Islam cyane kuko 42,5% by’abaturage ni abayisilamu, 39,8% ni abakirisitu 17% bo muri Kiliziya Gatolika, abandi ni abayoboke b’andi madini.

Ubwinshi bw’Abayisilamu muri iki gihugu ahanini bwatewe n’abacuruzi b’Abarabu bavaga mu majyaruguru ya Afurika mu kinyejana cya 14 n’icya 15 baza mu Burengerazuba bwa Afurika bakoresheje inzira zo mu butayu bwa Sahara.

Nyuma y’irimbuka ry’ubwami bwa Mali na Songhai, Abarabu bazwi nk’aba-Dyula cyangwa Jula, bagiye mu Majyaruguru ya Côte d’Ivoire batangira kwigisha ibijyanye n’ubucuruzi n’idini rya Islam dore ko bahakoze n’uduce dukomeye ku muco wa Islam aritwo Bondoukou na Bouna.

Côte d’Ivoire yabonye ubwigenge mu 1960 nyuma yo gukolonizwa n’u Bufaransa kuva mu 1893, n’ubwo Abafaransa bari barageze muri iki gihugu mu kinyejana cya 15 baje nk’abacuruzi (traders).

Côte d’Ivoire ni igihugu gifite imijyi ibiri mikuru irimo Abidjan ufatwa nk’umujyi w’ubucuruzi na Yamoussoukro ari wo murwa mukuru wa politiki.

Abidjan ni umujyi ukora ku nyanja ndetse ukagira n’ikiyaga hagati muri wo cya Ébrié Lagoon, ibituma uba umujyi ufite inkengero nziza z’amazi nka Assinie Beach, Grand-Bassam, Jacqueville-Beach n’izindi.

Uyu mujyi kandi kubera imyaka wamaze ukoreshwa nk’icyambu kinyuzwaho ibivuye muri Afurika bijya mu Bufaransa byatumye iterambere rihagera vuba dore ko Abafaransa bahubatse n’umujyi, Grand-Bassam, bise umurwa mukuru w’ibihugu bikoronizwa n’u Bufaransa.

Ubu uyu mujyi UNESCO yawushyizwe mu Murage w’Isi Ndangamateka ndetse uri mu hantu hakunze gukururwa na ba mukerarugendo cyane kuko ukigaragaramo inyubako z’icyo gihe zigaragaza imibereho y’Abafaransa muri icyo gihe ndetse n’ibihe by’ubukoloni.

Uyu mujyi kandi wubatsemo Cathédrale ya St Paul yubatswe mu 1985 ifatwa nk’imwe muri cathédrale zifite imyubakire igezweho ibikururira abemera Imana kuhasura cyane.

Ku bakunda amateka n’umurage mu mujyi wa Abidjan hari inzu ndangamurage, ‘Musée des Civilisations de Côte d’Ivoire’ irimo ibikoresho birenga ibihumbi 15, byerekana imico yo muri iki gihugu, imibereho y’abaturage baho, ibihe by’ubukoloni n’ibindi. Ni inzu ndangamurage yashinzwe mu 1942.

Hari kandi inzu ndangamurage ya Charles Alphonse Combes (Musée Charles Combes de Bingerville). Yahoze ari inzu y’ubugeni ya Charles Combes mu 1891 kugeza 1968. Ubu yagizwe inzu ndangamurage y’ibishushanyo n’ibibumbano uwo Combes n’abanyeshuri be bakoze.

Ku bakunda kureba ahantu hari inyamansa ni bindi binyabuzima, muri Abidjan hari pariki yahariwe ibinyabuzima, ‘Zoo National d’Abidjan’, irimo ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye birimo, inzovu, intare, inkende, ingona, inzoka, inyoni, n’ibindi byinshi.

Muri Abidjan kandi hari ishyamba rya kimeza Banco National Park, aho riri mu mashyamba manini ya kimeza ari ahantu hatuye abantu. Iri shyamba ribamo inyamanswa zo mu bwoko butandukanye ziganjemo inkende.

Ku rundi ruhande Yamoussoukro ni wo murwa mukuru wa Côte d’Ivoire. Urangwamo ibikorwa bike yaba iby’ubukerarugendo n’ibindi kuko ari umujyi ukiri kubakwa kuva wagirwa umurwa mukuru mu 1983 ubwo perezida w’icyo gihe, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, yagiraga aka gace umurwa mukuru kuko ari ko avukamo.

Kugeza ubu muri uyu mujyi ni ho hari urugo rwa perezida (presidential palace) ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa bya politiki nk’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’iki gihugu, minisiteri zitandukanye n’ibindi.

Icyakora uyu mujyi ufite basilika ya kabiri nini ku Isi ya ‘Notre-Dame de la Paix’ (Basilica of Our Lady of Peace) nyuma ya Basilika ya St Peter y’i Vatican. Iyi basilika kandi niyo ifite agahigo ko kuba iri ku buso bunini ku Isi kuko iri ku buso bwa kilometero 30.000 ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu barenga ibihumbi 18.

Hari kandi ikiyaga cy’ingona ‘Lac aux Caïmans’. Iki ni ikiyaga cyahanzwe na Perezida Félix Houphouët-Boigny, aho yacyororeragamo ingona. Ubu ni ikiyaga gicumbikiye ingona zirenga 200.

Muri rusange ibikorwa bigaragara muri Côte d’Ivoire ni nk’’iby’ibihugu byinshi biri mu nzira y’iterambere kuko hari inzu nyinshi zikiri kubakwa n’izindi zishaje.

Umunyarwanda ushaka kujya muri iki gihugu nta Visa asabwa icyakora nta ndege idahagaze (direct flight) ijya muri iki gihugu ku muntu uvuye i Kigali. Akenshi bisaba guca Addis Ababa, ukabona kujya Abidjan.

Ku bijyanye n’isuku ni ibintu bisa n’ibikiri inyuma kuko imihanda yaho iba yuzuyeho ibihuru, ibigunda, imyanda abantu bajugunye ku mihanda, amazi mabi yireka ku mihanda, yewe uracyabona abantu bihagarika ku mihanda n’ibindi.

No mu mahoteli hari iyo ugeraho bakakubwira ko bazahindura amashuka igihe watashye, keretse igihe ubisabye ko ahindurwa.

Umuntu wese ugiye muri iki gihugu kandi bamusaba kwigengesera no kwirinda kugenda wenyine cyane cyane ku banyamahanga kubera ibibazo by’umutekano muke nk’ubujura n’ubwambuzi.